The lang attribute in the HTML <html> element specifies the language of the content inside the document.
What is the lang Attribute?
The lang attribute is used to define the primary language of the text content in an HTML document. It is usually placed in the <html> tag, like below.
Example
<html lang="en"> <!-- Content goes here --> </html>
Why Do We Need to Add the lang Attribute?
1. Accessibility: Screen readers and other assistive technologies use the lang attribute to determine the correct pronunciation and intonation when reading content aloud. This is especially important for users who rely on these tools, as it improves their overall experience and comprehension.
2. Search Engine Optimization (SEO): Search engines like Google use the lang attribute to understand the language of your content. This helps them deliver more relevant search results to users. If your content is marked correctly with the lang attribute, it’s more likely to be shown to users searching in that language.
3. Automatic Language Translation: Browsers and online translation services can use the lang attribute to detect the language of a page and provide more accurate translations. If the language is specified, translation tools can offer better translations to the users.
4. Content Delivery: Some websites serve different content based on the user's language. Specifying the language helps with content negotiation and delivering the correct version of a website based on the user’s preferences.
5. Compliance with Standards: Specifying the language of the content makes your HTML document compliant with W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) standards, which promote accessibility and best practices in web development.
How to Use the lang Attribute?
ISO Language Codes: The lang attribute uses ISO language codes to specify languages.
1. English: en
2. Spanish: es
3. French: fr
4. Chinese: zh
For regional dialects, you can add a country code aswell.
1. American English: en-US
2. British English: en-GB
3. Brazilian Portuguese: pt-BR
4. Portuguese (Portugal): pt-PT
Example
<html lang="en-US"> <!-- Content in American English --> </html>
lang-attribute.html
<html lang="en-US"> <head> <title>Hello World</title> </head> <body> <h1>Welcome to HTML Programming!!!!!</h1> </body> </html>
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