HIVE: Data types

Hive data types are categorized into two types.

a.   Primitive types

b.   Complex types

 

Following table summarizes primitive types.

 

Data type	Description	Example
TINYINT	Occupies 1 byte. Minimum value is -128 and maximum value is 128. Postfix is Y.	123Y
SMALLINT	Occupies 2 bytes. Minimum value is -32768 and maximum value is 32767. Postfix is S.	12345S
INT	Occupies 4 bytes. Minimum value is -2,147,483,648 and maximum value is 2,147,483,647.	12345678
BIGINT	Occupies 8 bytes. Minimum value is 9,223,372,036,854,775,808 and maximum value is 9,223,372,036,854,775,807. Postfix is L.	123L
FLOAT	4 bytes single precision number.	1.2345
DOUBLE	8 bytes double precision number	1.2345
BOOLEAN	Represent TRUE or FALSE value	TRUE
STRING	Collection of characters represented in either single quotes or double quotes. Maximum size is around 2GB.	'hello wolrd', "Hello World"
CHAR	Maximum length is 255 characters	'hello wolrd', "Hello World"
VARCHAR	Maximum length is 65535 characters.	'hello wolrd', "Hello World"
DATE	Specify year, month, and day in the format of YYYY-MM-DD. The range of dates is from 0000-01-01 to 9999-12-31.	2020-01-08
TIMESTAMP	This describes a specific year, month, day, hour, minute, second, and millisecond in the format of YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS.fff.	2020-01-08 111.23.34.123

 

Example

create table numeric_data_types_demo(
a TINYINT,
b SMALLINT,
c INT,
d BIGINT,
e FLOAT,
g DOUBLE,
h BOOLEAN,
i STRING,
j CHAR(10),
k VARCHAR(123),
l DATE,
m TIMESTAMP,
n DECIMAL,
o DECIMAL(10, 2)
)

hive> create table numeric_data_types_demo(
    > a TINYINT,
    > b SMALLINT,
    > c INT,
    > d BIGINT,
    > e FLOAT,
    > g DOUBLE,
    > h BOOLEAN,
    > i STRING,
    > j CHAR(10),
    > k VARCHAR(123),
    > l DATE,
    > m TIMESTAMP,
    > n DECIMAL,
    > o DECIMAL(10, 2)
    > );
OK
Time taken: 0.061 seconds

 

Get the columns and their respective data types information.

hive> describe numeric_data_types_demo;
OK
a                       tinyint                                     
b                       smallint                                    
c                       int                                         
d                       bigint                                      
e                       float                                       
g                       double                                      
h                       boolean                                     
i                       string                                      
j                       char(10)                                    
k                       varchar(123)                                
l                       date                                        
m                       timestamp                                   
n                       decimal(10,0)                               
o                       decimal(10,2)                               
Time taken: 0.064 seconds, Fetched: 14 row(s)

 

Following table summarizes the complex types supported in HIVE

 

Data type	Description	Example
ARRAY	List of items of same type	[1, 2, 3, 4] [1.2, 3.4, 5.6]
MAP	Represent set of key,value pairs	{1 : "Krishna", 2 : "Ram"}
STRUCT	Collection of elements of different type.	Address struct<city:string,state:string,country:string,pin:bigint>

 

 

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