Mutations
are used to change the data (You can perform create, update and delete
operations).
How to
create a mutation?
'type
Mutation' block is used to create mutations.
Example
type
Mutation{
createEmployee(input: EmployeeInput!) :
Employee!
}
As you see
above snippet, createEmployee service takes input of type EmployeeInput (!
represent data should not be null) and return a value of type Employee.
Complete
graphql schema looks like below.
type Mutation{
createEmployee(input: EmployeeInput!) : Employee!
}
input EmployeeInput {
firstName: String
lastName: String
email: String
permanentAddress: AddressInput
temporaryAddress: AddressInput
department: DepartmentInput
}
input AddressInput {
city: String
state: String
country: String
}
input DepartmentInput{
departmentName: String
}
As you see
above schema, I used the keyword ‘input’ to define input payload.
Creating
MutationResolver
You can
create MutationResolver by implementing GraphQLMutationResolver interface.
public class MutationResolver implements GraphQLMutationResolver {
public Employee createEmployee(EmployeeInput empInput) {
......
......
......
}
}
Find the
below working application.
package com.sample.app.entity;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name = "address")
public class Address {
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private long id;
private String city;
private String state;
private String country;
public Address() {
this("none", "none", "none");
}
public Address(String city, String state, String country) {
super();
this.city = city;
this.state = state;
this.country = country;
}
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
public String getState() {
return state;
}
public void setState(String state) {
this.state = state;
}
public String getCountry() {
return country;
}
public void setCountry(String country) {
this.country = country;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
builder.append("Address [id=").append(id).append(", city=").append(city).append(", state=").append(state)
.append(", country=").append(country).append("]");
return builder.toString();
}
}
AddressInput.java
package com.sample.app.entity;
public class AddressInput {
private String city;
private String state;
private String country;
public String getCity() {
return city;
}
public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
}
public String getState() {
return state;
}
public void setState(String state) {
this.state = state;
}
public String getCountry() {
return country;
}
public void setCountry(String country) {
this.country = country;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
builder.append("AddressInput [city=").append(city).append(", state=").append(state).append(", country=")
.append(country).append("]");
return builder.toString();
}
}
Department.java
package com.sample.app.entity;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name = "department")
public class Department {
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private long id;
private String departmentName;
public Department() {
this("none");
}
public Department(String departmentName) {
super();
this.departmentName = departmentName;
}
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getDepartmentName() {
return departmentName;
}
public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {
this.departmentName = departmentName;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
builder.append("Department [id=").append(id).append(", departmentName=").append(departmentName).append("]");
return builder.toString();
}
}
DepartmentInput.java
package com.sample.app.entity;
public class DepartmentInput {
private String departmentName;
public String getDepartmentName() {
return departmentName;
}
public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {
this.departmentName = departmentName;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
builder.append("DepartmentInput [departmentName=").append(departmentName).append("]");
return builder.toString();
}
}
Employee.java
package com.sample.app.entity;
import javax.persistence.CascadeType;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.OneToOne;
import javax.persistence.Table;
@Entity
@Table(name = "employees")
public class Employee {
@Id
@GeneratedValue
private long id;
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
private String email;
@OneToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
private Address permanentAddress;
@OneToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
private Address temporaryAddress;
@OneToOne(cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
private Department department;
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public Address getPermanentAddress() {
return permanentAddress;
}
public void setPermanentAddress(Address permanentAddress) {
this.permanentAddress = permanentAddress;
}
public Address getTemporaryAddress() {
return temporaryAddress;
}
public void setTemporaryAddress(Address temporaryAddress) {
this.temporaryAddress = temporaryAddress;
}
public Department getDepartment() {
return department;
}
public void setDepartment(Department department) {
this.department = department;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
builder.append("Employee [id=").append(id).append(", firstName=").append(firstName).append(", lastName=")
.append(lastName).append(", email=").append(email).append(", permanentAddress=")
.append(permanentAddress).append(", temporaryAddress=").append(temporaryAddress).append(", department=")
.append(department).append("]");
return builder.toString();
}
public static EmployeeBuilder builder() {
return new EmployeeBuilder();
}
public static class EmployeeBuilder {
Employee emp;
public EmployeeBuilder() {
emp = new Employee();
emp.setPermanentAddress(new Address());
emp.setTemporaryAddress(new Address());
emp.setDepartment(new Department());
}
public Employee build() {
return emp;
}
public EmployeeBuilder firstName(String firstName) {
emp.setFirstName(firstName);
return this;
}
public EmployeeBuilder lastName(String lastName) {
emp.setLastName(lastName);
return this;
}
public EmployeeBuilder email(String email) {
emp.setEmail(email);
return this;
}
public EmployeeBuilder permanentAddress(Address permanentAddress) {
emp.setPermanentAddress(permanentAddress);
return this;
}
public EmployeeBuilder temporaryAddress(Address temporaryAddress) {
emp.setTemporaryAddress(temporaryAddress);
return this;
}
public EmployeeBuilder department(Department department) {
emp.setDepartment(department);
return this;
}
}
}
EmployeeInput.java
package com.sample.app.entity;
public class EmployeeInput {
private long id;
private String firstName;
private String lastName;
private String email;
private AddressInput permanentAddress;
private AddressInput temporaryAddress;
private DepartmentInput department;
public long getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(long id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getFirstName() {
return firstName;
}
public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
this.firstName = firstName;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public AddressInput getPermanentAddress() {
return permanentAddress;
}
public void setPermanentAddress(AddressInput permanentAddress) {
this.permanentAddress = permanentAddress;
}
public AddressInput getTemporaryAddress() {
return temporaryAddress;
}
public void setTemporaryAddress(AddressInput temporaryAddress) {
this.temporaryAddress = temporaryAddress;
}
public DepartmentInput getDepartment() {
return department;
}
public void setDepartment(DepartmentInput department) {
this.department = department;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
builder.append("EmployeeInput [id=").append(id).append(", firstName=").append(firstName).append(", lastName=")
.append(lastName).append(", email=").append(email).append(", permanentAddress=")
.append(permanentAddress).append(", temporaryAddress=").append(temporaryAddress).append(", department=")
.append(department).append("]");
return builder.toString();
}
}
EmployeeRepository.java
package com.sample.app.repository;
import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.sample.app.entity.Employee;
@Repository
public interface EmployeeRepository extends CrudRepository<Employee, Long> {
}
EmployeeController.java
package com.sample.app.controller;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import com.sample.app.entity.Employee;
import com.sample.app.repository.EmployeeRepository;
@RestController
@RequestMapping("api/v1/employees")
public class EmployeeController {
@Autowired
public EmployeeRepository empRepo;
@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ResponseEntity<List<Employee>> allEmployees() {
List<Employee> emps = new ArrayList<> ();
Iterable<Employee> empsIterable = empRepo.findAll();
for(Employee emp: empsIterable) {
emps.add(emp);
}
return ResponseEntity.ok(emps);
}
}
MutationResolver.java
package com.sample.app.resolvers;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.coxautodev.graphql.tools.GraphQLMutationResolver;
import com.sample.app.entity.Address;
import com.sample.app.entity.Department;
import com.sample.app.entity.Employee;
import com.sample.app.entity.EmployeeInput;
import com.sample.app.repository.EmployeeRepository;
@Component
public class MutationResolver implements GraphQLMutationResolver {
@Autowired
private EmployeeRepository empRepo;
public Employee createEmployee(EmployeeInput empInput) {
Address tempAddress = new Address(empInput.getTemporaryAddress().getCity(),
empInput.getTemporaryAddress().getState(), empInput.getTemporaryAddress().getCountry());
Address permAddress = new Address(empInput.getPermanentAddress().getCity(),
empInput.getPermanentAddress().getState(), empInput.getPermanentAddress().getCountry());
Department department = new Department(empInput.getDepartment().getDepartmentName());
Employee empToSave = Employee.builder().firstName(empInput.getFirstName()).lastName(empInput.getLastName())
.email(empInput.getEmail()).temporaryAddress(tempAddress).permanentAddress(permAddress)
.department(department).build();
return empRepo.save(empToSave);
}
}
QueryResolver.java
package com.sample.app.resolvers;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.coxautodev.graphql.tools.GraphQLQueryResolver;
import com.sample.app.entity.Employee;
import com.sample.app.repository.EmployeeRepository;
@Component
public class QueryResolver implements GraphQLQueryResolver {
@Autowired
public EmployeeRepository empRepo;
public List<Employee> employees(Integer first, Integer last) {
List<Employee> emps = new ArrayList<>();
Iterable<Employee> empsIterable = empRepo.findAll();
for (Employee emp : empsIterable) {
emps.add(emp);
}
if (first != null)
return emps.subList(0, first);
if (last != null)
return emps.subList(emps.size() - last, emps.size());
return emps;
}
public Employee employee(Long id) {
return empRepo.findById(id).get();
}
}
App.java
package com.sample.app;
import java.util.Arrays;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.CommandLineRunner;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import com.sample.app.entity.Address;
import com.sample.app.entity.Department;
import com.sample.app.entity.Employee;
import com.sample.app.repository.EmployeeRepository;
@SpringBootApplication
public class App {
@Autowired
public EmployeeRepository empRepo;
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(App.class, args);
}
@Bean
public CommandLineRunner demo() {
return (args) -> {
Employee emp1 = Employee.builder().firstName("ram").lastName("Gurram").email("krishna@abc.com")
.permanentAddress(new Address("Bangalore", "Karnataka", "India"))
.temporaryAddress(new Address("Hyderabad", "Telangana", "India"))
.department(new Department("Infrastructure Services")).build();
Employee emp2 = Employee.builder().firstName("Joel").lastName("Chelli").email("joel@abc.com")
.permanentAddress(new Address("Chennai", "Tamilnadu", "India"))
.temporaryAddress(new Address("Hyderabad", "Telangana", "India"))
.department(new Department("Core Systems")).build();
Employee emp3 = Employee.builder().firstName("Gopi").lastName("Battu").email("gopi@abc.com")
.permanentAddress(new Address("Bangalore", "Karnataka", "India"))
.temporaryAddress(new Address("Chennai", "Tamilnadu", "India"))
.department(new Department("Infrastructure Services")).build();
empRepo.saveAll(Arrays.asList(emp1, emp2, emp3));
};
}
}
Create
‘application.properties’ file under src/main/resources.
application.properties
logging.level.root=WARN logging.level.org.hibernate=ERROR ## H2 specific properties spring.h2.console.enabled=true spring.h2.console.path=/h2 spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:file:~/db/myOrg.db;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1; spring.datasource.username=krishna spring.datasource.password=password123 spring.datasource.driverClassName=org.h2.Driver ## JPA specific properties # Creates the schema, destroying previous data. spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=create spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect spring.jpa.show-sql=true spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.format_sql=true ## Database connection pooling properties # Number of ms to wait before throwing an exception if no connection is available. spring.datasource.max-wait=10000 # Maximum number of active connections that can be allocated from this pool at the same time. spring.datasource.tomcat.max-active=10 spring.datasource.tomcat.max-idle=5 spring.datasource.tomcat.min-idle=3 spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.enable_lazy_load_no_trans=true # Used to trace the transaction behavior logging.level.org.springframework.transaction.interceptor=TRACE
Create
‘employees.graphqls’ under src/main/resources folder.
employees.graphqls
type Query {
employees(first: Int, last: Int): [Employee]
employee(id: Int!) : Employee
}
type Employee {
id: Int
firstName: String
lastName: String
email: String
permanentAddress: Address
temporaryAddress: Address
department: Department
}
type Address {
id: Int
city: String
state: String
country: String
}
type Department{
id: Int
departmentName: String
}
type Mutation{
createEmployee(input: EmployeeInput!) : Employee!
}
input EmployeeInput {
firstName: String
lastName: String
email: String
permanentAddress: AddressInput
temporaryAddress: AddressInput
department: DepartmentInput
}
input AddressInput {
city: String
state: String
country: String
}
input DepartmentInput{
departmentName: String
}
pom.xml
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>springbootGraphQL</groupId>
<artifactId>springbootGraphQL</artifactId>
<version>1</version>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.6.RELEASE</version>
</parent>
<name>springbootApp</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.graphql-java</groupId>
<artifactId>graphiql-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>5.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.graphql-java</groupId>
<artifactId>graphql-java-tools</artifactId>
<version>5.2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.graphql-java</groupId>
<artifactId>graphql-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>5.0.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
Total
project structure looks like below.
Run
App.java.
How to
create new employee?
Payload
mutation NewEmployee($input: EmployeeInput!) {
createEmployee(input: $input) {
id
firstName
}
}
QUERY
VARIABLES
{
"input": {
"firstName": "Bhadri",
"lastName": "RamaRao",
"email": "krishdrina@abc.com",
"permanentAddress": {
"city": "Yanam",
"state": "Pandicheri",
"country": "India"
},
"temporaryAddress": {
"city": "Bangalore",
"state": "Karnataka",
"country": "India"
},
"department": {
"departmentName": "Infrastructure Services"
}
}
}
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