Fixed value for simple Element

You can assign fixed value for an element using the attribute “fixed”.

Syntax

<xs:element name=”nameOfTheVariable” type=”typeOfTheVariable” fixed=”fixedValue” />

               

Example

<xs:element name="dresscode" type="xs:string" fixed="Black and White" />

Above statement makes sure that dress code is “Black and White”. If you tries to assign any value other than this, than XML validation check fails with appropriate message.

student.xsd

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
    <xs:element name="student">
        <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
                <xs:element name="firstname" type="xs:string" />
                <xs:element name="middlename" type="xs:string" />
                <xs:element name="lastname" type="xs:string" />
                <xs:element name="age" type="xs:integer" />
                <xs:element name="department" type="xs:string" default="CSE" />
                <xs:element name="dresscode" type="xs:string" fixed="Black and White" />
            </xs:sequence>
        </xs:complexType>
    </xs:element>
</xs:schema>

student.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<student xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="student.xsd">
    <firstname>hari</firstname>
    <middlename>krishna</middlename>
    <lastname>gurram</lastname>
    <age>25</age>
    <department></department>
    <dresscode>abc</dresscode>
</student>

Student.xml assign value “abc” to dresscode, so validation check fail with below error.

XML validation started.

Checking file student.xml...

Referenced entity at "student.xsd".

cvc-elt.5.2.2.2.2: The value 'abc' of element 'dresscode' does not match the {value constraint} value 'Black and White'. [10]

XML validation finished.

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